![Planning for the urban monitoring installation at the Socially Equal Energy Efficient Development (SEEEDknox.org). (Image credit: Melanie Mayes, ORNL)](/content/images/project/biogeochemical-cycling-along-the-urban-interface-119.jpg)
![This Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Science Focus Area (SFA) investigates biogeochemistry at interfaces from the nanometer scale in the laboratory to the meter scale in the field to identify the dominant biogeochemical processes and underlying mechanisms that control metal and radionuclide mobilization in surface water and groundwater. (Image by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)](/content/images/project/biogeochemistry-at-interfaces-50.jpg)
![Urban farmer Liz Lamb discusses cover crop strategy with members of the BSEC research team (Image credit: Ben Zaitchik/Johns Hopkins University)](/content/images/project/bsec-baltimore-social-environmental-collaborative-124.jpg)
![The image shows the team doing fieldwork. (Image source: https://www.pnnl.gov/news-media/pnnl-leads-coastal-study-help-prep-wildfires-floods-and-climate-change)](/content/images/project/compass-fme-coastal-observations-mechanisms-and-predictions-across-85.jpg)
![Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) leverages magnetic sector mass spectrometry to enable high-precision measurement of the stable isotope content of a sample. Typical measurements target hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen analyses—although elements with masses up to and including sulfur can be measured. (Image by Andrea Starr, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)](/content/images/project/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory-emsl-72.jpg)
![Earth System Grid Federation 2 logo](/content/images/project/earth-system-grid-federation-2-93.jpg)
![Diagram showing the responses of a general ecosystem to the effects of increased atmospheric CO2. The effects start at the physiological scale on the left side and cascade through ecosystem processes of increasing scale from left to right. Solid arrows represent carbon flows and dashed arrows represent an influence of one process on another. Looped feedbacks through the plant and soil system can be seen. (Image credit: Victor Leshyk and Walker et al., 2021)](/content/images/project/face-mds-free-air-co2-enrichment-model-data-synthesis-114.jpg)
![IDEAS-Watershed logo. (Image credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory)](/content/images/project/lanl-ideas-watersheds-106.jpg)
![Field site and field crew (Image credit: Oak Ridge National Laboratory)](/content/images/project/ngee-arctic-next-generation-ecosystem-experiments-66.jpg)
![Field team photo (Image by Oak Ridge National Laboratory)](/content/images/project/early-career-nitrogen-removal-carbon-sequestration-and-69.jpg)
![Kayaks are used to map the water depth upstream of measurements used to estimate ecosystem respiration. (Image credit: Morgan Barnes, PNNL)](/content/images/project/river-corridor-sfa-river-corridor-hydrobiogeochemistry-from-74.jpg)
![RUBISCO logo. (Image credit: RUBISCO)](/content/images/project/rubisco-reducing-uncertainties-in-biogeochemical-interactions-through-94.jpg)
![Aerial image of the SPRUCE site in October 2020. (Photo credit: Oak Ridge National Laboratory)](/content/images/project/spruce-terrestrial-ecosystem-science-scientific-focus-area-67.jpg)
![Weather sensor install in Phoenix by ASU students for SW-IFL Project. (Image credit: David Sailor, ASU, 2023)](/content/images/project/sw-ifl-southwest-urban-corridor-integrated-field-laboratory-135.jpg)
![The SFA utilizes the hydrogeomorphic wetland classification, biogeochemistry, and modeling to understand terrestrial wetlands. (Image credit: Wetland Function SFA Team and Argonne’s Creative Services)](/content/images/project/terrestrial-wetland-function-and-resilience-scientific-focus-145.jpg)
![Conceptual diagram of research activities focused on improving our predictive understanding of watershed function under changing land use and climate conditions. (Image credit: Oak Ridge National Lab)](/content/images/project/watershed-dynamics-and-evolution-wade-sfa-formerly-126.jpg)
![East River photographed facing east in Gothic, CO. (Image credit: Roy Kaltschmidt, LBNL, July 2014)](/content/images/project/watershed-function-sfa-31.jpg)
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